Человеческая Исключительность Стремится Быть Подавленной Благодаря Искусственному Общему Интеллекту И ASI

В сегодняшней статье я рассматриваю мнение о том, что человеческая исключительность больше не будет преобладать, как только мы достигнем общего искусственного интеллекта (AGI) и/или искусственного сверхинтеллекта (ASI). В результате люди перестанут быть главными хищниками на земле. AGI или ASI займут это заветное место.

Давайте поговорим об этом.

Этот анализ инновационного прорыва в области ИИ является частью моей постоянной колонки в Forbes, посвященной последним достижениям в области ИИ, в том числе выявлению и объяснению различных важных сложностей ИИ (смотрите ссылку здесь).

В настоящее время проводится множество исследований, направленных на дальнейшее развитие ИИ. Общей целью является либо создание искусственного общего интеллекта (AGI), либо, возможно, даже расширенная возможность создания искусственного сверхинтеллекта (ASI).

AGI - это искусственный интеллект, который считается равным человеческому интеллекту и, по-видимому, может сравниться с нашим интеллектом. ASI - это искусственный интеллект, который вышел за рамки человеческого интеллекта и превосходит его во многих, если не во всех возможных отношениях. Идея заключается в том, что ИИ сможет обводить людей вокруг пальца, перехитряя нас на каждом шагу. Для получения более подробной информации о природе ИИ, УЧИ и ASI, ознакомьтесь с моим анализом по ссылке здесь.

Специалисты по ИИ в настоящее время в значительной степени разделились на два основных лагеря по поводу последствий внедрения AGI или ASI. Один лагерь состоит из тех, кто верит в ИИ. Они предсказывают, что AGI или ASI будут стремиться уничтожить человечество. Некоторые называют это "P (гибель)", что означает вероятность гибели, или то, что ИИ полностью отключает нас, также известное как экзистенциальный риск ИИ.

К другому лагерю относятся так называемые акселерационисты ИИ.

Они склонны утверждать, что продвинутый искусственный интеллект, а именно AGI или ASI, решит проблемы человечества. Вылечит рак, да, действительно. Преодолеет мировой голод, безусловно. Мы увидим огромные экономические выгоды, освободив людей от тяжелого повседневного труда. ИИ будет работать рука об руку с людьми. Этот доброжелательный ИИ не собирается узурпировать человечество. ИИ такого рода станет последним изобретением, которое когда-либо делали люди, но это хорошо в том смысле, что ИИ изобретет то, чего мы никогда не могли себе представить.

No one can say for sure which camp is right and which one is wrong. This is yet another polarizing aspect of our contemporary times.

For my in-depth analysis of the two camps, see the link here.

A longstanding assumption is that humans are the pinnacle of earthly entities. We stand supreme over all other living creatures, big and small.

Some don’t like the connotation of being considered supreme, so the softer way to sugarcoat the matter is to speak of human exceptionalism. Humans are exceptional. We are exceptional in comparison to animals, trees, plants, etc., and the same exceptionalism applies to non-living entities such as rocks, mountains, and oceans.

Everything other than humans exists at the beck and call of humans. Because we are exceptional, we can readily use anything else as a resource to support our supremacy. Are we construed as a part of nature? Nope, we are separate from nature. We are superior to nature.

It’s not a particularly humble perspective.

How do you feel about being labeled as exceptional and supreme?

Well, if you perchance relished the title, something is looming on the horizon that might take you down a peg or two. With the advent of AGI, some say that we will no longer be alone at the top of the entity hierarchy. In addition, the attainment of ASI would seemingly knock us right out of the pinnacle position.

First, consider the case of AGI.

AGI will be AI that is on par with human intelligence.

When or if AGI is achieved, you could reasonably claim that we will have a computational peer that deserves to be at the apex with us. AGI would sit on the same throne. We might have to scoot over to ensure that AGI suitably resides beside us.

A counterargument is that AGI won’t necessarily be sentient and therefore does not warrant being equated to humans. You see, perhaps we achieve computational intelligence that lacks the same semblance of a spark of life as that of humans. In that case, you might insist that AGI does not belong aside us. AGI would be a lesser entity. Maybe AGI would be in second place, but for sure not tied at first place.

Whoa, the retort goes, AGI is the collective of all human intelligence in one entity, thusly AGI stands taller than humans (side note: some dispute that AGI will be one entity and might instead be a federated array, see my discussion at the link here). No individual human can match AGI. We ought to acknowledge that AGI is in a sense better than humans due to its collective capability.

Sorry to say that humans must relinquish the top spot to AGI, regardless of whether AGI has a spark of life to it.

The debate about AGI dethroning human exceptionalism continues to be acrimoniously unresolved. Another posited angle is that since AGI will be devised by humans, AGI can never be above humans. Anything we create must by presumption be less than ourselves. Not everyone buys into that grandeur of logic.

Shifting gears, consider what happens to human exceptionalism if we attain artificial superintelligence.

It seems blatantly obvious that ASI would be above humans in the scale of entities. ASI has superintelligence and can presumably think far beyond any capacity we have. We might be like ants in comparison to the intelligence of ASI.

The opposing view is akin to the earlier points such as ASI might not have the spark of life that humans do, or that anything crafted by humankind must of necessity be ranked as less than humans. Those contentions might be reasonable when it comes to AGI. But none of those arguments seem to hold water when you note that ASI is superintelligence. The illusive spark of life doesn’t hold supreme over superintelligence. Likewise, just because we aided in bringing ASI into existence doesn’t give us any special powers.

Face it, ASI will be exceptional and supreme.

Humans are dethroned.

An intriguing twist is whether AGI or ASI are desirous to sit at the pinnacle.

Perhaps those topmost AIs will be of a belief that there is no such thing as exceptionalism. They might fully reject the supremacy conjecture. Their view could be that all entities are of equal rank. It is foolish to rate this entity or that entity above another one.

Humans might change their tune about the assumption of human exceptionalism. First, humans might cede the top role to AGI or ASI. Second, if AGI and ASI don’t want the role, humans might acknowledge that there wasn’t really a bona fide use anyway. It was always a mirage.

Can AGI or ASI simply declare they aren’t of an AI-exceptionalism that rates on par with human exceptionalism or exceeds human exceptionalism?

Some would assert that AGI and ASI do not have a choice in the matter. Whether AGI or ASI wants to be AI-exceptionalism is somewhat immaterial. They will be AI-exceptionalism. They might choose not to wield their exceptionalism, but it still is reality. They are stuck with the position, regardless of preference.

One perspective is that we are falsely arguing over a considered topmost role. We have fallen into a mental trap that there must be one entity that sits above all others. You can argue endlessly over what or who deserves the top slot.

A different way to define the situation consists of considering pluralistic exceptionalism.

Generally, pluralistic exceptionalism consists of saying that different forms of intelligence and existence are all uniquely valuable. Humans aren’t the only exception. Maybe whales and dolphins deserve a form of exceptionalism. AGI and ASI deserve their exceptionalism. And so on.

Dispense with the simplistic ranking schemes. Give each entity its own due. Everything is exceptional in its own way. AGI and ASI will merely be another kind of exceptionalism.

Boom, drop the mic.

You might be tempted to think that this back-and-forth about exceptionalism is arcane and provides little or no useful value.

A big reason that some are especially focused on exceptionalism is that humans tend to believe in human exceptionalism. Allow me to elaborate.

If we attain AGI, will humans continue to try and act as though human exceptionalism supersedes AGI? In which case, maybe AGI and humans end up in some dire disagreements. AGI won’t necessarily take being treated as a second-class citizen very kindly.

Meanwhile, ASI might find human exceptionalism to be such a revolting idea that ASI opts to enslave humans, showing them who is the boss. It could be that our clinging to human exceptionalism triggers ASI to decide we aren’t worth keeping around, i.e., we inadvertently spur ASI to wipe us out entirely.

Sad face.

The crux is that humans might be in for a rude awakening and need to prepare themselves accordingly. Will holding the supreme title be worth the angst in a world entailing AGI? The same question must be asked about a world involving ASI.

Human centrism might need to give way to a shared worldview with the likes of AGI or ASI, or perhaps hand the throne directly to AGI or ASI. It seems inevitable that we will need to mentally ready ourselves for being second fiddle or at least something other than the only residing top prize.

Whether humankind and society can handle the switchover is something that time will tell.